Te whakamahinga me te tiaki i ngā karu hiko pokanga

 

I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao, kua tae te pokanga ki te wā o te pokanga moroiti. Ko te whakamahinga ongā karuārai pokangaEhara i te mea ka taea e ngā tākuta te kite mārama i te hanganga pai o te wāhi i pokangahia, engari ka taea hoki te whakahaere i ngā momo pokanga moroiti kāore e taea te mahi mā te kanohi tahanga, ka nui ake te whānuitanga o te maimoatanga pokanga, ka whakapai ake i te tika o te pokanga me te tere whakaora o te tūroro. I tēnei wā,Ngā karu hiko whakahaerekua noho hei taputapu hauora noa. He mea noaNgā karu hiko o te rūma pokangawhakaurungā karuārai pokanga ā-waha, ngā karuārai niho, ngā karuārai pokanga orthopedic, ngā karu tirotiro pokanga kanohi, ngā karuārai pokanga mimi, ngā karuārai pokanga otolaryngological, mengā karuārai pokanga roro, me ētahi atu. He iti noa ngā rerekētanga i roto i ngā kaihanga me ngā whakatakotoranga ongā karuārai pokanga, engari he rite tonu te nuinga o te wā e pā ana ki te mahi whakahaere me ngā tono mahi.

1 Hanganga taketake o te karuārai pokanga

Ko te tikanga pokanga ka whakamahi i tētahikaruārai poutū(tū papa), e tohuhia ana e tōna whakatakotoranga ngāwari me te tāutanga ngāwari.Ngā karuārai Hauoraka taea te wehewehe kia whā ngā wāhanga matua: te pūnaha mīhini, te pūnaha mātakitaki, te pūnaha whakamārama, me te pūnaha whakaatu.

1.1 Pūnaha Mīhini:Kounga teiteiNgā karu hiko whakahaerehe mea whakarite ki ngā pūnaha mīhini uaua hei whakatika me te whakahaere, kia tere ai te neke me te ngāwari o ngā pūnaha tirotiro me te whakamārama ki ngā tūranga e tika ana. Kei roto i te pūnaha mīhini: te turanga, te wira hikoi, te parai, te pou matua, te ringa hurihuri, te ringa whakawhiti, te ringa whakairi karu hiko, te neke XY whakapae, me te papa whakahaere waewae. Ko te ringa whakawhiti e hangaia ana i roto i ngā rōpū e rua, me te whāinga kia taea ai tekaru tirotirokia tere te neke i te wāhi pokanga i roto i te whānuitanga whānui rawa atu. Ka taea e te neke whakapae XY te whakanoho tika i tekaruāraiki te wāhi e hiahiatia ana. Mā te papa whakahaere waewae e whakahaere te karu hiko kia neke ake, kia heke iho, kia maui, kia matau, kia arotahi hoki, ā, ka taea hoki te whakarerekē i te tere whakanui me te tere whakaiti o te karu hiko. Ko te pūnaha miihini te angaanga o teKaruārai mahi hauora, te whakatau i tōna whānuitanga o te nekehanga. I te wā e whakamahia ana, me whakarite kia tino pumau te pūnaha.

1.2 Pūnaha Tirotiro:Ko te pūnaha tirotiro i roto i tekaruārai whānuihe taurangi tūturukaruārai karu whakanuiKei roto i te pūnaha tirotiro: te karu arotahi, te pūnaha whakanui, te wehewehe hihi, te karu arotahi hōtaka, te porowhita motuhake, me te karu tirohanga. I te wā pokanga, he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he kaiawhina ki te mahi tahi, nō reira he maha ngā wā ka hangaia te pūnaha tirotiro hei pūnaha karu tirohanga mō te tokorua.

1.3 Pūnaha Whakamārama: KaruāraiE rua ngā momo o te rama: te rama ā-roto me te rama ā-waho. Ko tāna mahi he mea whakarite mō ētahi hiahia motuhake, pērā i te rama o te rama whatu. Ko te pūnaha rama he rama matua, he rama āwhina, he taura whatu, me ētahi atu. Mā te pūtake rama e whakamārama te mea mai i te taha, i te tihi rānei, ā, mā te rama whakaata e uru ana ki te karāhe arotahi ka puta te ahua.

1.4 Pūnaha Whakaaturanga:I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau matihiko, ko te whanaketanga mahi ongā karuārai mahikei te piki haere te whai rawa. Ko tekaruārai hauora pokangaHe kāmera pouaka whakaata me te pūnaha tuhi pokanga kei roto. Ka taea e ia te whakaatu tika i te āhua o te pokanga ki runga i te pouaka whakaata, i te mata rorohiko rānei, ā, ka taea e te tini tāngata te mātakitaki i te āhua o te pokanga i runga i te aroturuki i te wā kotahi. He pai mō te whakaako, te rangahau pūtaiao, me ngā kōrerorero haumanu.

2 Ngā Whakatūpato mō te Whakamahinga

2.1 Karuārai pokangaHe taputapu whatu he uaua te tukanga whakaputa, he tino tika, he utu nui, he pakarukaru, ā, he uaua ki te whakaora. Mā te whakamahinga hē ka nui ngā mate ka pā mai. Nō reira, i mua i te whakamahinga, me mārama tuatahi te tangata ki te hanganga me te whakamahinga o teKaruārai hauoraKaua e hurihia ngā tīwiri me ngā porowhita o te karuārai i runga i te koretake, kaua hoki e kino rawa atu; Kāore e taea te wetewete i te taputapu i runga i te hiahia, nā te mea me tino tika te mahi a ngā karuārai i roto i ngā tukanga huihuinga; I te wā tāutanga, me rapu whakatikatika tino uaua, ā, he uaua ki te whakahoki mai mēnā ka wetewetehia i runga i te koretake.

2.2Kia tupato ki te pupuri i teKaruārai pokangakia ma, inā koa ngā wāhanga karāhe o te taputapu, pērā i te arotahi. Ina poke te arotahi i te wai, te hinu, me te toto, kia mahara kaua e whakamahi i ngā ringaringa, i ngā kakahu, i te pepa rānei hei muru i te arotahi. Nā te mea he maha ngā kirikiri iti o ngā ringaringa, o ngā kakahu, me te pepa ka waiho pea he tohu ki te mata o te whakaata. Ina he puehu kei runga i te mata o te whakaata, ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi kaihoroi ngaio (waipiro kore wai) hei muru ki te miro tango hinu. Mena he kino te paru, ā, kāore e taea te muru, kaua e murua kia kaha. Tena koa rapua he āwhina ngaio hei whakahaere.

2.3He maha ngā wā kei roto i te pūnaha rama he taputapu tino ngoikore e kore e kitea wawetia e te kanohi tahanga, ā, kaua e whakaurua ngā maihao me ētahi atu mea ki roto i te pūnaha rama. Mēnā he kino koretake, ka hua ake he kino e kore e taea te whakatika.

3 Te tiaki i ngā karu hiko

3.1Te roa o te ora o te pūrama rama mō teKaruārai pokangaKa rerekē i runga i te wā mahi. Mena kua pakaru te pūangi rama, ā, kua whakakapia, me whakarite kia tautuhi anō i te pūnaha ki te kore hei karo i ngā mate koretake ki te mīhini. I ia wā e tahurihia ana te hiko, e whakawetohia rānei, me whakaweto te pana pūnaha rama, me whakarite rānei te kanapa ki te iti rawa hei karo i te pānga ohorere o te ngaohiko teitei e kino ai te pūtake rama.

3.2Hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te whiriwhiri i te wāhi pokanga, te rahi o te tirohanga, me te mārama i te wā o te pokanga, ka taea e ngā tākuta te whakarite i te āputa nekehanga, te roa arotahi, te teitei, me ētahi atu mā te papa whakahaere o te waewae. I te wā e whakarite ana, me neke mārire, me āta haere. Ina tae ki te tūranga rohe, me mutu tonu, nā te mea ki te nui rawa te wā ka pakaru pea te motuka, ka kore hoki e taea te whakarite.

3.3 I muri i te whakamahi i tekaruāraimō tētahi wā, ka mate rawa pea te raka hononga, ka wetekina rawa rānei. I tēnei wā, me whakahoki noa te raka hononga ki tōna āhua mahi noa i runga i te āhuatanga. I mua i ia whakamahinga o teKaruārai mahi hauora, he mea tika kia tirohia i ia wā mēnā he ngoikore ngā hononga hei karo i ngā raruraru koretake i te wā e pokanga ana.

3.4I muri i ia whakamahinga, whakamahia he miro horoi tango hinu hei muru i te paru i runga i tete whakahaere i te karuārai hauora, ki te kore ka uaua ki te muru mō te wā roa rawa. Taupokina ki te taupoki karuārai, ka waiho ki roto i te taiao hauhautanga pai, maroke, kore puehu, ā, kāore e waikura.

3.5Whakatūria he pūnaha tiaki, me ngā kaimahi ngaio e whakahaere ana i ngā tirotiro tiaki me ngā whakatikatika auau, te tiaki me te whakatika e tika ana i ngā pūnaha mīhini, ngā pūnaha tirotiro, ngā pūnaha rama, ngā pūnaha whakaatu, me ngā wāhanga ara iahiko. I roto i te poto, me tūpato i te wā e whakamahi ana i tētahikaruāraiā, me karohia te whakahaere kino. Hei whakaroa i te roa o te mahi a ngā karu hiko pokanga, me whakawhirinaki ki te wairua mahi pono o ngā kaimahi me tō rātou manaaki me te aroha ki tengā karu hiko, kia pai ai te āhua o tā rātou mahi, kia pai ake ai hoki tā rātou mahi.