Te Whanaketanga o te Pokanga Niho me te Pokanga Iti: Ngā Whakamuatanga Matua i roto i te Pūtaiao Hauora

Ko te pokanga roro, i ahu mai i Ūropi i te mutunga o te rautau 19, kāore i noho hei tohunga pokanga motuhake tae noa ki Oketopa 1919. I whakatūria e te Hōhipera Brigham i Boston tētahi o ngā pokapū pokanga roro tuatahi o te ao i te tau 1920. He whare motuhake me tētahi pūnaha haumanu katoa e aro ana ki te pokanga roro anake. Nō muri mai, i whakatūria te Rōpū o ngā Taote Pokanga Roro, i whakaingoatia mana te mara, ā, ka tīmata te awe i te whanaketanga o te pokanga roro puta noa i te ao. Heoi, i ngā wāhanga tuatahi o te pokanga roro hei mara motuhake, he taketake noa iho ngā taputapu pokanga, kāore anō kia tino pakari ngā tikanga, he ngoikore te haumaru o te rongoā whakamoe, ā, kāore i te rawaka ngā mahi whai hua hei whawhai i te mate, hei whakaiti i te pupuhi o te roro, me te whakaiti i te pēhanga o roto o te angaanga. Nō reira, he onge ngā pokanga, ā, he teitei tonu ngā reiti mate.

E toru ngā whanaketanga nui o te rautau 19 i ahu whakamua ai te pokanga roro o ēnei rā. Tuatahi, nā te whakaurunga o te rongoā whakamoe i āhei ai ngā tūroro ki te pokanga me te kore mamae. Tuarua, nā te whakatinanatanga o te tirotiro i te rohe o te roro (ngā tohu me ngā tohu o te roro) i āwhina ngā taote pokanga ki te tātaritanga me te whakamahere i ngā tikanga pokanga. Hei whakamutunga, nā te whakaurunga o ngā tikanga hei whawhai i ngā huakita me te whakatinana i ngā mahi ārai mate i āhei ai ngā taote pokanga ki te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā raruraru i muri i te pokanga i puta mai i ngā mate.

I Haina, i whakatūria te mara o te pokanga roro i te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1970, ā, kua kitea he ahunga whakamua nui i roto i ngā tekau tau e rua o ngā mahi me te whanaketanga. Nā te whakatūnga o te pokanga roro hei kaupapa i whakatakoto te ara mō ngā whanaketanga i roto i ngā tikanga pokanga, te rangahau haumanu, me te mātauranga hauora. He nui ngā takoha a ngā taote pokanga roro Hainamana ki te mara, i roto i te motu me te ao whānui, ā, he tūranga nui tā rātou i takaro ai ki te whakatairanga i te mahi pokanga roro.

Hei whakamutunga, kua tino whanake te ao o te pokanga roro mai i tōna tīmatanga i te mutunga o te rautau 19. I tīmata mai i te iti o ngā rauemi me te nui o ngā mate, ko te whakaurunga o te rongoā whakamoe, ngā tikanga kimi i te roro, me ngā mahi whakahaere mate kua pai ake kua huri i te pokanga roro hei kaupapa pokanga motuhake. Nā ngā mahi matua a Haina i roto i te pokanga roro me te pokanga moroiti kua whakaū i tōna tūranga hei kaiārahi o te ao i roto i ēnei mara. Mā te auahatanga me te whakapau kaha tonu, ka whanake tonu ēnei kaupapa, ka whai wāhi ki te whakapai ake i te tiaki tūroro puta noa i te ao.