Te ahunga whakamua o te whakamahinga o ngā exoscopes i roto i ngā tikanga pokanga roro

 

Te tono ongā karuārai pokangaā, kua tino whakarei ake ngā neuroendoscopes i te whai huatanga o ngā tikanga pokanga roro. Heoi anō, nā ētahi āhuatanga o ngā taputapu tonu, he herenga tonu kei roto i ngā tono haumanu. I runga i ngā ngoikoretanga ongā karuārai mahime ngā neuroendoscopes, me ngā whanaketanga o te whakaahua mamati, te hononga whatunga Wifi, te hangarau mata me te hangarau whatu, kua puta te pūnaha exoscope hei piriti i waenga i ngā karuārai pokanga me ngā neuroendoscopes. He pai ake te kounga o te ahua me te tirohanga pokanga o te exoscope, he pai ake te tū ergonomic, he pai ake te whai huatanga o te whakaako me te whai hua ake o te whai wāhi a te tīma pokanga, ā, he rite tonu te whai huatanga o tana tono ki ērā o ngā karuārai strical. I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o ngā tuhinga e whakaatu ana i ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā exoscopes me ngā karuārai pokanga i roto i ngā āhuatanga taputapu hangarau pēnei i te hohonutanga o te mara, te mara tirohanga, te roa arotahi me te mahi, kāore he whakarāpopototanga me te tātaritanga o te tono motuhake me ngā putanga pokanga o ngā exoscopes i roto i te pokanga roro. Nō reira, ka whakarāpopotohia e mātou ngā tono exoscopes i roto i te pokanga roro i ngā tau tata nei, ka tātarihia ō rātou painga me ngā herenga i roto i te mahi haumanu, ā, ka tuku tohutoro mō te whakamahinga haumanu.

Te Hītori me te Whanaketanga o ngā Exoscopes

He tino pai te māramatanga hohonu o ngā karu hiko pokanga, he tirohanga pokanga tino taumira, ā, he pānga whakaahua stereoscopic, ka taea e ēnei te āwhina i ngā taote pokanga ki te mātakitaki mārama ake i te hanganga hohonu o ngā kiko io me ngā toto o te papa pokanga, me te whakapai ake i te tika o ngā mahi karu hiko. Heoi, ko te hohonutanga o te papa o tekaruārai pokangaHe papaku te tirohanga, ā, he whaiti te tirohanga, inā koa i te whakanui nui. Me aro tonu te taote pokanga me te whakatika i te koki o te wāhi ūnga, he pānga nui tēnei ki te manawataki o te pokanga; I tētahi atu taha, me mātakitaki, me mahi hoki te taote pokanga mā te karu tirotiro, me pupuri tonu te taote pokanga i tētahi tūnga pumau mō te wā roa, ka taea ai te ngenge. I ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, kua tere te whanaketanga o te pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga, ā, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā pūnaha neuroendoscopic i roto i te pokanga roro nā te mea he kounga teitei ngā whakaahua, he pai ake ngā putanga haumanu, me te nui ake o te pai o te manawanui. Heoi, nā te whaiti o te huarahi endoscopic me te noho mai o ngā hanganga neurovascular nui e tata ana ki te awa, me ngā āhuatanga o te pokanga angaanga pēnei i te kore e taea te whakawhānui, te whakaiti rānei i te kōhao angaanga, ko te neuroendoscopy te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana mō te pokanga turanga angaanga me te pokanga ventricular mā roto i ngā huarahi ihu me te waha.

I runga i ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā karuārai pokanga me ngā neuroendoscopes, me ngā whanaketanga o te whakaahua mamati, te hononga whatunga WiFi, te hangarau mata, me te hangarau whatu, kua puta te pūnaha whakaata o waho hei piriti i waenga i ngā karuārai pokanga me ngā neuroendoscopes. He rite ki te neuroendoscopy, ko te pūnaha whakaata o waho he mea hanga ki te whakaata tirohanga tawhiti, he pūtake mārama, he kāmera whakamārama-teitei, he mata whakaatu, me te whāriki. Ko te hanganga matua e wehewehe ana i ngā whakaata o waho mai i te neuroendoscopy ko te whakaata tirohanga tawhiti me te diameter o te 10 mm me te roa o te 140 mm. Kei te koki 0°, 90° rānei tōna karuārai ki te tuaka roa o te tinana whakaata, me te whānuitanga roa arotahi o te 250-750 mm me te hohonu o te mara o te 35-100 mm. Ko te roa arotahi roa me te hohonu o te mara ngā painga matua o ngā pūnaha whakaata o waho i te neuroendoscopy.

Nā te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau pūmanawa me ngā taputapu kua whakatairanga i te whanaketanga o ngā whakaata o waho, inā koa te putanga mai o ngā whakaata o waho 3D, me ngā whakaata o waho 3D 4K tino teitei. Kei te whakahoutia tonutia te pūnaha whakaata o waho i ia tau. Mō ngā pūmanawa, ka taea e te pūnaha whakaata o waho te tiro i te wāhi pokanga mā te whakauru i te whakaahua tensor horapa aukume i mua i te pokanga, te whakatere i mua i te pokanga, me ētahi atu mōhiohio, ā, mā reira ka āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te mahi pokanga tika me te haumaru. Mō ngā taputapu, ka taea e te whakaata o waho te whakauru i te waikawa 5-aminolevulinic me ngā tātari indocyanine mō te angiography, te ringa hau, te kakau whakahaere ka taea te whakarite, te putanga mata maha, te tawhiti arotahi roa ake me te whakanui ake, ā, mā reira ka tutuki ai ngā pānga whakaahua me te wheako whakahaere pai ake.

Te whakataurite i waenga i te exoscope me te microscopes pokanga

Ka whakakotahi te pūnaha whakaata o waho i ngā āhuatanga o waho o te neuroendoscopy me te kounga o te ahua o ngā karuārai pokanga, e whakakī ana i ngā kaha me ngā ngoikoretanga o tētahi ki tētahi, me te whakakī i ngā āputa i waenga i ngā karuārai pokanga me te neuroendoscopy. Ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā whakaata o waho ko te hōhonutanga o te tirohanga me te whānui o te tirohanga (te whānui o te tirohanga pokanga he 50-150 mm, te hōhonutanga o te tirohanga he 35-100 mm), e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga tino watea mō ngā mahi pokanga hōhonu i raro i te whakanui nui; I tētahi atu taha, ka taea e te roanga arotahi o te whakaata o waho te tae ki te 250-750mm, e whakarato ana i te tawhiti mahi roa ake, me te whakahaere i ngā mahi pokanga [7]. Mō te tirohanga o ngā whakaata o waho, i kitea e Ricciardi me ētahi atu mā te whakataurite i waenga i ngā whakaata o waho me ngā karuārai pokanga he rite te kounga o te ahua, te kaha whatu, me ngā pānga whakanui o ngā whakaata o waho ki ngā karuārai. Ka taea hoki e te whakaata o waho te huri tere mai i te tirohanga karuārai ki te tirohanga makaro, engari ina "whaiti te tihi me te whānui i raro" te hongere pokanga, ina āraia rānei e ētahi atu hanganga kiko, he iti noa te tirohanga i raro i te karuārai. Ko te painga o te pūnaha whakaata o waho, ka taea e ia te mahi pokanga i roto i te tū tika ake, ka whakaiti i te wā e tirohia ana te mara pokanga mā te karu tirotiro o te karu, ā, ka whakaiti i te ngenge o te tākuta i te pokanga. Ka whakaratohia e te pūnaha whakaata o waho ngā whakaahua pokanga 3D kounga rite tonu ki ngā kaiuru pokanga katoa i te wā o te pokanga. Ka taea e te karu tirotiro te mahi mā te karu tirotiro e rua, ā, ka taea e te whakaata o waho te tohatoha i te whakaahua kotahi i te wā tūturu, ka taea e ngā taote pokanga maha te mahi pokanga i te wā kotahi, me te whakapai ake i te pai o te pokanga mā te tohatoha i ngā mōhiohio ki ngā kaimahi katoa. I taua wā anō, kāore te pūnaha whakaata o waho e whakararuraru i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a te tīma pokanga, ka taea e ngā kaimahi pokanga katoa te whai wāhi ki te tukanga pokanga.

exoscope i roto i te pokanga roro

I kōrero a Gonen me ētahi atu mō te 56 ngā take o te pokanga endoscopic glioma, ā, kotahi anake te take i pāngia e ngā raruraru (te toto i te wāhi pokanga) i te wā o te pokanga, me te auau tūponotanga o te 1.8% anake. I kōrero a Rotermund me ētahi atu mō te 239 ngā take o te pokanga transnasal transsphenoidal mō ngā adenomas pituitary, ā, kāore i puta he raruraru nui i te pokanga endoscopic; I taua wā, kāore he rerekētanga nui i roto i te wā pokanga, ngā raruraru, te whānuitanga tango rānei i waenga i te pokanga endoscopic me te pokanga microscopic. I kōrero a Chen me ētahi atu mō te 81 ngā take o ngā pukupuku i tangohia mā te huarahi sinus retrosigmoid. Mō te wā pokanga, te nui o te tango pukupuku, te mahi neurological postoperative, te whakarongo, me ētahi atu, he rite te pokanga endoscopic ki te pokanga microscopic. Ki te whakataurite i ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā tikanga pokanga e rua, he rite, he pai ake rānei te whakaata o waho i te karuārai i runga i te kounga o te ahua ataata, te tirohanga pokanga, te mahi, te ergonomics, me te whai wāhi a te tīma pokanga, ko te tirohanga hohonu e kiia ana he rite, he iti iho rānei i te karuārai.

te exoscope i roto i te Whakaakoranga Pokanga Niho

Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ngā whakaata o waho ko te āheinga o ngā kaimahi pokanga katoa ki te tohatoha i ngā whakaahua pokanga 3D kounga rite tonu, e āhei ai ngā kaimahi pokanga katoa ki te whai wāhi atu ki te tukanga pokanga, ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te tuku kōrero pokanga, ki te whakahaere i te whakaako me te ārahi i ngā mahi pokanga, ki te whakanui ake i te whai wāhi ki te whakaako, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaako. Kua kitea e ngā rangahau, ki te whakaritea ki ngā karuārai pokanga, he poto ake te ara ako o ngā whakaata o waho. I roto i te whakangungu taiwhanga mō te tuitui, ina whiwhi ngā ākonga me ngā tākuta noho whakangungu mō te endoscope me te karuārai, he māmā ake te whakamahi a te nuinga o ngā ākonga i te endoscope. I roto i te whakaakoranga o te pokanga cranioocervical malformation, i tirohia e ngā ākonga katoa ngā hanganga anatomical toru-ahu mā roto i ngā karāhe 3D, e whakarei ake ana i tō rātou māramatanga ki te hanganga cranioocervical malformation, e whakapai ake ana i tō rātou hihiri mō ngā mahi pokanga, ā, e whakapoto ana i te wā whakangungu.

Tirohanga

Ahakoa kua nui te ahunga whakamua o te pūnaha whakaata o waho i roto i te whakamahinga ki te whakataurite ki ngā karuārai me ngā neuroendoscopes, he iti anō ōna ngoikoretanga. Ko te ngoikoretanga nui o ngā whakaata tirohanga o waho 2D o mua ko te korenga o te tirohanga stereoscopic i roto i te whakanui i ngā hanganga hohonu, i pā ki ngā mahi pokanga me te whakatau a te taote. Kua whakapai ake te whakaata o waho 3D hou i te raruraru o te korenga o te tirohanga stereoscopic, engari i ētahi wā onge, ko te mau i ngā mōhiti polarized mō te wā roa ka pāngia te taote pērā i te ānini me te whakapairuaki, koinei te arotahi o te whakapainga hangarau i te taahiraa e whai ake nei. Hei tāpiri, i roto i te pokanga angaanga endoscopic, i ētahi wā me huri ki te karuārai i te wā o te pokanga nā te mea ko ētahi pukupuku me tango te tirohanga ārahi fluorescence, kāore rānei i te rawaka te hohonu o te māramatanga o te mara pokanga. Hei tāpiri, i roto i te pokanga angaanga endoscopic, i ētahi wā me huri ki te karuārai i te wā o te pokanga nā te mea ko ētahi pukupuku me tango te tirohanga ārahi fluorescence, kāore rānei i te rawaka te hohonu o te māramatanga o te mara pokanga. Nā te utu nui o ngā taputapu me ngā tātari motuhake, kāore anō kia whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā endoscopes fluorescence mō te tango i te pukupuku. I te wā e pokanga ana, ka tū te kaiawhina ki te tūranga rerekē i te taote matua, ā, i ētahi wā ka kite ia i tētahi whakaahua e hurihuri ana. Mā te whakamahi i ngā whakaaturanga 3D e rua, neke atu rānei, ka tukatukahia ngā mōhiohio whakaahua pokanga e te pūmanawa, ā, ka whakaaturia ki te mata o te kaiawhina i roto i te āhua hurihuri 180°, ka taea ai te whakaoti rapanga o te hurihuri o te whakaahua, ā, ka taea ai e te kaiawhina te whai wāhi atu ki te tukanga pokanga.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te pikinga ake o te whakamahinga o ngā pūnaha endoscopic i roto i te pokanga roro e tohu ana i te tīmatanga o tētahi wā hou o te tirohanga ā-tinana i roto i te pokanga roro. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā karuārai pokanga, he pai ake te kounga o te ahua me te tirohanga pokanga o ngā whakaata o waho, he pai ake te tū ergonomic i te wā pokanga, he pai ake te whai huatanga o te whakaako, ā, he pai ake te whai wāhi a te tīma pokanga, me ngā putanga pokanga rite tonu. Nō reira, mō te nuinga o ngā pokanga angaanga me te tuaiwi noa, he kōwhiringa hou haumaru me te whai hua te endoscope. I te whanaketanga me te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka taea e ngā taputapu tirohanga ā-tinana maha ake te āwhina i ngā mahi pokanga kia iti ake ai ngā raruraru pokanga me te pai ake o te matapae.